On December 27, 2013, the newspaper La Nuova Venezia published an article signed by Francesco Macaluso, reporting the results of a study conducted by Francesco Ongaro and Gianluca Pericoli on the global exposure of SCADA systems to the Internet. The research, published on the scadaexposure.com portal and sponsored by ISGroup SRL, revealed that in Italy one system out of 400 and in Switzerland one out of 330 were publicly accessible via Google or Shodan. The study, defined as the first permanent observatory on the phenomenon, attracted the attention of Swiss media and the Liechtenstein cybersecurity service.